ARAI tests vehicles from a batch and all other vehicles are manufactured to the same standards using the same standard parts which should give the standard results. However there may be a variance in one of the parts used or in the assembly chain due to which one of the cars may show a varied performance than that of a standard car. When this happens the particular car is termed as defective.
Now your car manufacturer must test/check a car for its performance if a variance is reported and should admit a fault if such is found. However since most of the car buyers are not well versed in the Process of Quality control and secondly since the buyer has to go through a lot of hassle if the matter is tackled legally, some of the manufacturers or sometimes it is a rogue dealer too who may try to browbeat the customer into accepting a defective piece. In such cases they will classically use the Jargon which is not understood by a layman and pressurise the customer in accepting and living with the defect.
However having said that, it also may be the fault of the customer in many cases.
If the test was conducted under standard conditions and you did witness the amount of fuel (this is important) and the distance covered, then you really dont stand a chance and should accept the results, however you can always ask them informally as to what may be the cause of low mileage. In case if you still are not satisfied, please inform them that as a customer's right, you shall have the vehicle tested by a third party authorised service centre (such as Mahindra 1st Choice) and that by doing this you are not forfeiting any of the warranty claims and if they do have a problem with this testing and if this forfeits your warranty they should inform you in writing saying this explicitly. Please let them know that if such a test does prove their claims false, all the costs for the tests and repairs if any shall be on account of the manufcaturer since the vehicle is within warranty.
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